![]() ![]() The colour of the flame depends on the metal in the salt used. A spectacular coloured flame or jet should be seen in each case.Spray the solution into the flame in the direction you have rehearsed. Adjust the nozzles of the spray bottles to give a fine mist.Conduct a preliminary spray in a safe direction away from the Bunsen flame.Light the Bunsen and adjust it to give a non-luminous, roaring flame (air hole open).Barium chloride is toxic but gives a different colour (refer to CLEAPSS Hazcard HC010b), while calcium chloride (Irritant) and strontium chloride (Irritant) are different again (refer to CLEAPSS Hazcard HC047b). those of calcium and barium) can also be used provided an appropriate risk assessment is carried out. These two are in fact a little more volatile than the chloride, and potassium iodide is certainly likely to be available. As a general rule, chlorides are usually suggested as they tend to be more volatile and more readily available. Potassium iodide and lithium iodide can be used instead.They can be stored in the plastic bottles for several weeks at least without apparent deterioration of the bottles. The solutions can be retained for future use. Place each solution in a spray bottle and label the bottle. To do this, add the salt to the ethanol in small quantities, with stirring, until no more will dissolve – often only a few mg of salt will be needed. Make a saturated solution of each salt in about 10 cm 3 ethanol. The chlorides of metals are the best but other salts also work.Ideally, one bottle is needed for each metal salt. Never use spray bottles with a rubber bulb - the flame may flash back into the container. These piston-operated spray bottles should be emptied, cleaned thoroughly and finally rinsed with distilled water.Spray bottles of the type used for products such as window cleaner should be used.Do NOT be tempted to use the more toxic and volatile methanol in place of ethanol. IDA (industrial denatured alcohol) is Highly flammable, Harmful. ![]()
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